Chickpea (Cicer arietinum) is an important food legume in Myanmar. It is mainly grown in central dry zone of the country, mainly in Sagaing (54%), Magway (26%) and Mandalay (16%) divisions (Table 1). During 2004–05, the chickpea area in Myanmar was about 205,000 ha, with a production of 239,000 t, and average yield was 1,171 kg ha-1. Chickpea is grown under residual soil moisture in both lowland and upland conditions. In lowland areas, it is grown as a relay or sequential crop after rice (Oryza sativa), while in upland areas it is grown mostly on black soils (Vertisols) with a good water holding capacity after an early short-duration crop of sesame (Sesamum indicum), maize (Zea mays) or pulses or after fallow. Chickpea is also sown along the banks of Ayeyarwaddy River after the flood water recedes.